Substrate Additives
Substrate additives are various materials that are added to soil mixes or substrates used for growing plants. These additives can serve various purposes, such as improving soil structure, increasing drainage, improving nutrient supply or regulating pH. At the same time, they can affect the nature of the substrate and create a suitable environment for specific plant species. It is important to note that the choice of substrate additives depends on the specific needs of the plants being grown and on the properties of the soil in which cultivation takes place. Different plants may require different types of substrates with different additives in order to achieve optimal growth and health.
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For optimal plant growth, additives such as perlite, vermiculite or zeolite are added to substrates. These are natural materials that aerate the substrate, stabilise moisture and optimise the use of fertiliser contained in the soil.
How to choose an additive according to what the soil needs
Each additive solves a different problem. Perlite is a light volcanic material that mainly aerates the soil and improves the drainage of excess water - it is suitable where roots suffer from waterlogging. Vermiculite, on the other hand, retains water and nutrients and gradually releases them, so it is useful for germination and for plants sensitive to drying out. Zeolite acts as an ion exchanger that binds nutrients and moisture and prevents them from being washed out. Biochar also belongs in heavier soils, as it supports the soil microbiome.
Choose the proportion of additive according to the medium: for general aeration, it is enough to add perlite in a smaller proportion; for very moisture-retentive soils, the proportion can be increased. Combine additives with ready-made soil mixes or coconut substrates to fine-tune the structure exactly to your needs.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between perlite and vermiculite?
Perlite aerates and drains water, while vermiculite retains water and nutrients. They are often combined: perlite for aeration, vermiculite for even moisture.
How much perlite should I add to the substrate?
It depends on the purpose. For light aeration, a smaller proportion is enough; for a markedly airy medium for hydroponic-style growing, the proportion is increased. Always base it on how quickly your soil dries out.
Does zeolite need to be replaced?
Zeolite is a stable mineral that does not disappear from the substrate. It gradually becomes saturated, but it retains its structure and aeration function over the long term.
Not sure which additive to choose and in what proportion for your substrate? Write to us at info@higarden.cz and we will advise you according to what you grow.