Chilli Peppers
Chilli pepper is the fruit of mainly exotic shrubby pepper species, growing in the tropics and subtropics of India, China, Japan, Vietnam, Africa, South and Central America, especially Mexico. They are also widely used in the Balkans.
These are small, lighter-coloured peppers with a strong aroma. These hot peppers are pungent varieties of usually perennial spice peppers. They owe their fiery taste to the substance capsaicin.
In addition to other substances, they contain vitamin C and carotene B. They stimulate appetite, but in larger quantities they irritate the reproductive and urinary organs. In moderate doses they act on the stomach better than black pepper. They have a beneficial effect on digestion. It has been proven that cultures accustomed to spicy food with this spice tolerate contamination of food and the surrounding environment by various bacteria, especially those causing diarrhoea, more easily. Chilli also causes changes in the intestinal mucosa, which then tolerates many things. Chilli is also considered an aphrodisiac.
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Chilli pepper seeds allow you to grow your own hot fruits exactly as spicy as you like them. The range includes Piquant varieties from mildly hot to world record holders, whether you want a pepper for the kitchen or a decorative plant for the balcony.
How to choose a variety
The most important factor is heat, which is given by the Scoville scale (SHU). The higher the number, the hotter the fruit - and usually the later and more demanding the variety. The second criterion is the growing method: most varieties are suitable for containers under cover or on the balcony, while taller plants need support or tying.
- Mild to medium hot - Jalapeno around 8,000 SHU or cayenne types up to 30,000 SHU; rewarding varieties for beginners and everyday cooking.
- Very hot Habanero - Habanero Orange, Chocolate or Red Savina in the range of roughly 350,000 to 570,000 SHU; productive, aromatic, for containers and with support.
- Superhot varieties - Bhut Jolokia around 1,000,000 SHU, Carolina Reaper and Trinidad Moruga Scorpion at over 2,000,000 SHU; for collectors and enthusiasts of extreme heat.
Most superhot varieties are late, so they need a longer season and are best pre-grown. For tall plants (for example cayenne Rosso or Giallo), allow for support or tying, because heavily laden branches will otherwise break.
How to help peppers thrive
Chilli loves light and warmth. When grown under cover or under artificial lighting, varieties have a longer and more reliable season than outdoors - which is why they are often started from pre-grown seedlings as early as spring. Stable warmth and moisture help with faster and more even germination.
Frequently asked questions
Which variety is the hottest?
In our range, Carolina Reaper and Trinidad Moruga Scorpion are among the hottest, with heat above 2,000,000 SHU. By comparison, Jalapeno has only around 8,000 SHU.
Can chilli peppers be grown on a balcony?
Yes, most varieties are suitable for containers and window boxes on a balcony. Decorative types such as Royal Black or Cancun also look attractive.
Does chilli need support?
Yes, taller and heavily fruiting varieties do - brittle branches laden with fruit will appreciate a stake or tying so they do not break.
Not sure how much heat you can handle and which variety suits your conditions? We will be happy to advise you on choosing seeds at info@higarden.cz.